nkhani

Titanium tetraisopropanolate(Tetraisopropyl Titanate), CAS 546-68-9, ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha organotitanium ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, sayansi ya zinthu ndi madera ena. Tsopano tiyeni tiwone izi.

Chidziwitso choyambira

Kapangidwe ka thupi la munthu

Maonekedwe ndi mkhalidwe: Pa kutentha kwa chipinda, ndi madzi owonekera bwino opanda mtundu mpaka achikasu otumbululuka okhala ndi fungo lopweteka (lofanana ndi alcohols kapena ethers).

Kusungunuka: Imasungunuka mosavuta mu zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe, imachitapo kanthu mwamphamvu ndi madzi - imasungunuka mwachangu kuti ipange titanium dioxide (TiO₂) precipitate ndi isopropyl alcohol ((CH₃)₂CHOH), kotero iyenera kusungidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo ouma.

Malo otentha ndi malo osungunuka: Malo otentha ndi pafupifupi 220-224℃ (pa mphamvu yachibadwa), ndipo malo osungunuka ndi pafupifupi 14℃ (akhoza kuuma pansi pa 14℃ ndipo amatha kusungunuka akatenthedwa).

Kukhazikika: Ndikosavuta kukhudzidwa ndi mpweya, imayamwa mosavuta chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga ndipo imalowa mu hydrolysis. Imatha kuwola kutentha kwambiri ndikutulutsa mpweya wokwiya.

Ntchito zazikulu

Kugwiritsa ntchito titanium tetraisopropanolate kumadalira kwambiri makhalidwe ake atatu akuluakulu: hydrolysis yosavuta kupanga titanium dioxide, kugwirizana kwabwino kwachilengedwe, ndi ntchito yothandiza. Titanium tetraisopropanolate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga kupanga zinthu, kusakaniza kwa mafakitale, zokutira, ndi zomatira. Zochitika zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito ndi izi:

I. Kupanga Zinthu: Pakati ngati "choyambitsa titaniyamu ya kaboni"

Iyi ndiyo ntchito yaikulu ya titaniniv Isopropox IDE. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yake yothira madzi, zinthu za titanium dioxide (TiO₂) zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makhalidwe zimatha kukonzedwa bwino kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana.

Kukonzekera kwa nano-titanium dioxide

Titanium(IV) isopropoxideAmasungunuka mu organic solvent kudzera mu "sol-gel method", kenako amathiridwa pang'onopang'ono pansi pa mikhalidwe yowongoka (kusintha pH, kutentha, ndi hydrolysis rate) kuti apange "sol" yofanana. Pambuyo pouma ndi calcination yowonjezera, ufa wa nano-scale titanium dioxide kapena filimu imapezeka. Mtundu uwu wa nano-tio ₂ uli ndi malo apadera komanso ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya photocatalytic, ndipo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pa:

Zipangizo zowunikira: kuyeretsa zimbudzi (kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe), kuyeretsa mpweya (kuwononga formaldehyde ndi VOCs);

Zodzoladzola zoteteza ku dzuwa: Titanium tetraisopropanolate ngati choteteza ku dzuwa (nano-tio ₂ imatha kuonetsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, imaonekera bwino kwambiri ndipo siimasintha kukhala yoyera);

Zipangizo zamagetsi: Titanium tetraisopropanolate yokonzekera gawo loyamwa kuwala kwa maselo a dzuwa ndi filimu yopyapyala yogwira ntchito ya zida zowonetsera makristalo amadzimadzi.

Zophimba zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ceramic ndi galasi

Isopropoxide ya Titanium (IV) imaphatikizidwa ndi zowonjezera zina (monga zolumikizira za silane) kuti ipange yankho lophimba, lomwe limapopera kapena kumizidwa pamwamba pa zoumba ndi galasi. Pambuyo potenthetsa ndi kuziziritsa, TiO₂ yopangidwa ndi hydrolysis ya tetraisopropyl titanate imapanga chophimba chowonekera chokhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kukalamba, chomwe chingathe:

Wonjezerani kukana kwa banga la mbale zadothi ndi zimbudzi (chepetsani kumatirira kwa banga la mafuta);

Wonjezerani kukana kukanda kwa galasi (monga galasi loteteza chophimba cha foni yam'manja, galasi la galimoto);

Galasi lodziyeretsa lokha (pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya TiO₂ yopangira kuwala kuti iwononge fumbi ndi madontho pamwamba).

Kupanga zinthu zogwirira ntchito zochokera ku titaniyamu

Monga gwero la titaniyamu, imagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi mchere wina wachitsulo (monga mchere wa aluminiyamu ndi mchere wa zirconium) kuti ipange ma oxides a titanium-aluminium composite, mayankho olimba a titanium-zirconium ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zotengera zadothi zotentha kwambiri komanso zonyamula zonyamula (kuti ziwonjezere kukhazikika ndi malo enieni a zonyamula).

II. Munda Wothandizira Zachilengedwe: Zochita Zothandiza Zachilengedwe Zothandizira Zachilengedwe

Podalira mphamvu ya empty d orbital coordination ya atomu yapakati ya titanium (Ti⁴⁺), Titanium IV Isopropox IDE cas 546-68-9 ndi chothandizira chabwino kwambiri cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma reaction achilengedwe, makamaka oyenera zochitika zomwe zimafuna kusankha kwakukulu komanso ma reaction otsika:

Zothandizira pa esterification ndi transesterification reactions

Popanga ma resini a polyester (monga PET ndi PBT), kusintha ma catalyst achikhalidwe (monga sulfuric acid) kumatha kufulumizitsa kuyanjana kwa esterification pakati pa ma carboxylic acid ndi ma alcohols, kuchepetsa zinthu zina (monga madzi m'madzi a alcohols), ndipo catalyst ndi yosavuta kulekanitsa ndi zinthuzo, motero kukulitsa chiyero cha utomoni.

Titaniumiv isopropoxide cas 546-68-9imayambitsa kusintha kwa ma esterification (monga momwe ma ester otsika amagwirira ntchito ndi ma alcohols ambiri kuti apange ma ester apamwamba) popanga zokometsera ndi zonunkhira ndi zinthu zina zophatikizika za mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito a zinthu azitha kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti zinthu zibereke bwino.

Kusankha kwa catalysis mu kapangidwe ka organic

Titanium tetraisopropanolate, monga maziko a "titanium catalytic system" (monga kuphatikiza ndi ma tartrate esters), imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu asymmetric epoxidation reactions (popangira chiral epoxides, key pharmaceutical intermediates);

Titanium(IV) isopropoxide imayambitsa aldol condensation reactions ndipo imawongolera bwino kapangidwe ka chinthucho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera makampani opanga mankhwala abwino.

III. Malo Ophikira ndi Zomatira: Kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a zipangizo

Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa "mlatho wake wachilengedwe-wopanda chilengedwe" (mbali imodzi yolumikizidwa ndi zinthu zopanda chilengedwe ndipo mbali inayo yolumikizidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe), kumamatira ndi kulimba kwa zokutira ndi zomatira kumatha kukulitsidwa:

Makampani opanga ma coatings: Othandizira olumikizirana ndi othandizira kumatira

Powonjezera pang'ono tetraisopropyl titanate ku zokutira za acrylic ndi zokutira za polyurethane, gulu la isopropoxy limatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi magulu a hydroxyl (-OH) ndi carboxyl (-COOH) mu zokutira kuti apange kapangidwe kolumikizana, motero kumawonjezera kukana kwa nyengo (kukana kukalamba kwa UV), kukana madzi ndi kuuma kwa zokutirazo.

Choyambira cha zinthu zachitsulo monga chitsulo ndi aluminiyamu, chomwe chimalimbikitsa kuti chophimbacho chikhale cholimba pamwamba pa chitsulo ndikuchepetsa kupukuta ndi dzimbiri.

Makampani Opangira Zomatira: Kulimbitsa Mphamvu Yogwirizana

Titanium tetraisopropanolate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati "cholumikizira" mu zomatira za epoxy resin ndi zomatira za silicone. Mbali imodzi imakhudzana ndi magulu a hydroxyl pamwamba pa zinthu zosapangidwa monga zitsulo ndi zoumba, ndipo mbali inayo imalumikizana ndi unyolo wa polymer wachilengedwe wa zomatira. Imawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi chinyezi komanso kukana kutentha kwa zomatira ku zinthu zosapangidwa (monga kulongedza ndi kulumikiza zigawo zamagetsi).

IV. Zolinga zina zapadera

Chithandizo cha pamwamba pa zitsulo

Titanium tetraisopropanolate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuzizira pamwamba pa aluminiyamu ndi ma magnesium alloys. TiO₂ yopangidwa ndi hydrolysis ya tetraisopropyl titanate imapanga filimu yosakanikirana yokhala ndi oxide pamwamba pa chitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulocho chisamavutike ndi dzimbiri (kulowa m'malo mwa kuzizira kwa chromate komanso kukhala wosamala kwambiri ndi chilengedwe).

Kukonzekera zipangizo zowunikira

Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa “chemical vapor deposition (CVD)”, nthunzi ya tetraisopropyl titanate imalowetsedwa mu chipinda chochitira zinthu, komwe imawola pamwamba pa substrate (monga galasi la quartz) kuti ipange mafilimu a TiO₂, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zosefera za kuwala ndi zophimba zotsutsana ndi kuwala (zowongolera kufalikira kwa kuwala).

Makampani opanga nsalu: Othandizira kumaliza ntchito

Titanium(IV) isopropoxideImakumana ndi magulu a hydroxyl pamwamba pa ulusi wa nsalu kuti ipange filimu ya TiO₂ pamwamba pa ulusi, zomwe zimapangitsa nsaluyo kukhala ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi mabakiteriya (pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya TiO₂ yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya) komanso kukana kwa UV (monga nsalu zoteteza dzuwa panja).