nkhani

Chitetezo cha dzuwa ndi chofunikira kwambiri kwa akazi amakono chaka chonse. Chitetezo cha dzuwa sichingochepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet pakhungu, komanso kupewa kukalamba kwa khungu ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi khungu. Zosakaniza zoteteza ku dzuwa nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi, mankhwala, kapena mitundu yonse iwiri ndipo zimapereka chitetezo cha UV. Pofuna kukuthandizani kugula bwino mafuta awo a dzuwa mtsogolo, lero tikutengerani kuchokera ku zosakaniza zoteteza ku dzuwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi kuti mufufuze zosakaniza zoteteza ku dzuwa.

Chigawo chogwira ntchito cha mankhwala

Octyl methoxycinnamate

Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC)ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khungu loteteza ku dzuwa. Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) ndi fyuluta ya UVB yokhala ndi ma curve abwino kwambiri oletsa kuyamwa kwa UV a 280 ~ 310 nm, imayamwa mwachangu, imakhala yotetezeka, imakhala ndi poizoni wochepa, komanso imasungunuka bwino ku zinthu zopangira mafuta. Imadziwikanso kuti octanoate ndi 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate. Chosakanizachi chavomerezedwa ngati chosakaniza chokongoletsera ku United States ndi European Union (EU) pamlingo wa 7.5-10%.

Benzophenone-3

Benzophenone-3(BP-3) ndi mafuta osungunuka ndi gulu lachilengedwe loteteza ku dzuwa lomwe limayamwa kuwala kwa UVB ndi UVA kwaufupi. BP-3 imasungunuka mwachangu ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yake ndikupanga mitundu yambiri ya okosijeni. Ku United States, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa BP-3 mu mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa ndi 6%.

Benzophenone -4

Benzophenone-4(BP-4) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati choyamwitsa cha ultraviolet pamlingo wofika 10%. BP-4, monga BP-3, ndi chinthu chochokera ku benzophenone.

4-methylbenzyl camphor

4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-methylbenzylidene camphor, 4-MBC) kapena enzacamene ndi mankhwala ochokera ku camphor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala oletsa UVB m'ma sunscreen ndi zodzoladzola zina. Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa sanavomerezedwe ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), mayiko ena amalola kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa m'magulu okwana 4%.

4-MBC ndi gawo lokonda mafuta ambiri lomwe limatha kuyamwa kudzera pakhungu ndipo limapezeka m'maselo a anthu, kuphatikizapo placenta. 4-MBC imakhudza kusokonezeka kwa endocrine ya estrogen, zomwe zimakhudza axis ya chithokomiro ndikuletsa ntchito ya AChE. Chifukwa chake, mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa omwe ali ndi zosakaniza izi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

3-benzal camphor

3-benzylidene camphor (3-BC) ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi 4-MBC. Kuchuluka kwake komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zinthu zoteteza ku dzuwa ku European Union ndi 2%.

Mofanana ndi 4-MBC, 3-BC imafotokozedwanso kuti ndi mankhwala osokoneza estrogen. Kuphatikiza apo, 3-BC yanenedwa kuti imakhudza CNS. Apanso, mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa omwe ali ndi zosakaniza izi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Octylene

Octocrtriene (OC) ndi ester yomwe ili m'gulu la cinnamate lomwe limatenga kuwala kwa UVB ndi UVA, ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi 10% mu zodzoladzola za dzuwa ndi zodzoladzola za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Chigawo chogwira ntchito mwakuthupi

Zosakaniza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zodzoladzola za dzuwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala titanium dioxide (TiO2) ndi zinc oxide (ZnO2), ndipo kuchuluka kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala 5-10%, makamaka powunikira kapena kufalitsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UVR) kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha zodzoladzola za dzuwa.

Titaniyamu woipa

Titanium dioxide ndi mchere woyera wopangidwa ndi titaniyamu ndi mpweya. Titanium dioxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya ndi zodzoladzola, makamaka chifukwa cha kuyera kwake komanso mphamvu ya ma sunscreen a UV.

Zinki okusayidi

Zinc oxide ndi ufa woyera wokhala ndi mphamvu zoteteza komanso zoyeretsa. Ndinso chitetezo cha dzuwa chomwe chimateteza ku dzuwa chomwe chimasonyeza kuwala kwa UVA ndi UVB. Kuphatikiza apo, zinc ili ndi mphamvu zoletsa kutupa, kuletsa kutsekeka kwa khungu komanso kuumitsa. Zinc oxide, mankhwala oteteza ku dzuwa omwe amadziwika kuti ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito ndi US Food and Drug Administration, ndi amodzi mwa iwo.

Pambuyo pofotokoza nkhaniyi, kodi mwamvetsa bwino zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa? Chonde nditumizireni uthenga ngati muli ndi mafunso ena.