nkhani

Chinthu chilichonse chowunikira khungu chimakhala ndi mankhwala ambiri, omwe ambiri amachokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zambiri zogwira ntchito zimakhala zogwira mtima, zina zimakhala ndi zotsatira zina. Chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa zomwe zimagwira ntchito pakuwunikira khungu ndikofunikira posankha zinthu zosamalira khungu izi.
Ndicho chifukwa chake kukambirana za zosakaniza zogwira ntchitozi ndizofunikira. Muyenera kumvetsetsa zotsatira zenizeni za mankhwala aliwonse pakhungu, mphamvu ndi zotsatira za mankhwala aliwonse.
1. Hydroquinone
Ndiwomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zowunikira khungu. Amachepetsa kupanga melanin. Bungwe la Food and Drug Administration limaletsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake 2 peresenti yokha m’zinthu zogulitsira khungu zogulitsika. Izi ndichifukwa cha nkhawa za kuopsa kwake kwa carcinogenicity. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti angayambitsenso khungu. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zina zimakhala ndi cortisone kuti muchepetse mkwiyo. Komabe, ndi gawo logwira ntchito muzinthu zowunikira khungu zomwe zimakhala ndi antioxidant.
2. Asidi azelaic
Ndi chilengedwe chochokera ku mbewu monga rye, tirigu ndi balere. Azelaic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ziphuphu. Komabe, zapezekanso kuti zimathandiza pakuwunikira khungu, kuchepetsa kupanga melanin. Amapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a kirimu ndi ndende ya 10-20%. Ndi njira yotetezeka, yachilengedwe m'malo mwa hydroquinone. Zingayambitse kuyabwa kwa khungu lovuta pokhapokha ngati muli ndi matupi awo. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti asidi azelaic sangakhale othandiza pakhungu labwinobwino (ma freckles, moles).

3. Vitamini C
Monga antioxidant, vitamini C ndi zotuluka zake zimateteza ku kuwonongeka kwa khungu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa. Amathandizanso pakuwunikira khungu, kuchepetsa kupanga melanin. Amatengedwa ngati njira zotetezeka m'malo mwa hydroquinone. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa glutathione m'thupi komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu ziwiri pakuwunikira khungu.
4. Niacinamide
Kuphatikiza pa kuyeretsa khungu, niacinamide imathanso kupeputsa makwinya ndi ziphuphu, ndikuwonjezera chinyezi pakhungu. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ndi imodzi mwa njira zotetezeka kwambiri kuposa hydroquinone. Zilibe zotsatira zoyipa pakhungu kapena dongosolo lachilengedwe laumunthu.
5. Tranexamic acid
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'majakisoni am'mutu komanso m'kamwa kuti achepetse khungu ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa khungu. Ndi njira inanso yotetezeka ku hydroquinone. Komabe, kugwira ntchito kwake sikunatsimikizidwe, koma kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti ndizotetezeka komanso zothandiza.
6. Retinoic asidi
Vitamini "A" yochokera, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza ziphuphu, koma imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pakuwunikira khungu, zomwe sizikudziwika. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kupsa mtima pakhungu ndi chimodzi mwa zotsatira za tretinoin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khungu lizimva kuwala kwa UV, choncho ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kupewa kupsa ndi dzuwa chifukwa angayambitse khungu. Komanso, sizili bwino pa nthawi ya mimba.
7. Arbutin
Ndi gwero lachilengedwe la hydroquinone kuchokera ku mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala ndi masamba a cranberries, blueberries, bearberries ndi mulberries. Amachepetsa kupanga melanin, makamaka mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, chifukwa ndi amphamvu kwambiri. Ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yothandiza poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zowunikira pakhungu. Komabe, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti arbutin imatha kuyambitsa hyperpigmentation yapakhungu ngati igwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
8. Kojic asidi
Ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chomwe chimapangidwa panthawi yowitsa mpunga panthawi yopanga vinyo. Ndizothandiza kwambiri. Komabe, ndi yosakhazikika ndipo imasanduka chinthu chabulauni chosagwira ntchito mumlengalenga kapena kuwala kwa dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, zotumphukira zopangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwazinthu zapakhungu, koma sizothandiza ngati kojic acid zachilengedwe.
9. Glutathione
Glutathione ndi antioxidant yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zowunikira khungu. Imateteza khungu kuti lisawonongeke ndi dzuwa komanso imatetezanso khungu kuti lisapse. Glutathione imabwera mu mawonekedwe a mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola, sopo, mapiritsi ndi jakisoni. Othandiza kwambiri ndi mapiritsi a glutathione, omwe amatengedwa kawiri pa tsiku kwa masabata a 2-4 kuti achepetse mtundu wa khungu. Komabe, mawonekedwe apamutu sali othandiza chifukwa amayamwa pang'onopang'ono komanso osalowa bwino pakhungu. Anthu ena amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito jekeseni kuti apeze zotsatira zanthawi yomweyo. Komabe, jekeseni mobwerezabwereza ingayambitse matenda a khungu, zotupa. Kafukufuku wawonetsa kuti glutathione imatha kuwunikira mawanga akuda ndikuwunikira khungu. Komanso akuti ndi otetezeka.

10. Hydroxy Acids
Glycolic acid ndi lactic acid ndizothandiza kwambiri pa α-hydroxy acid. Amalowa m'zigawo za khungu ndikuchepetsa kupanga melanin, monga momwe kafukufuku wasonyezera. Amachotsanso khungu, kuchotsa khungu lakufa ndi zigawo zosayenera za khungu la hyperpigmented. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zapezeka kuti ndizothandiza pakuwunikira hyperpigmentation pakhungu.
11. Decolorizer
Mankhwala ochotsera utoto monga monobenzone ndi mequinol atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunikira khungu kosatha. Popeza amatha kuwononga maselo omwe amapanga melanin, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kwa odwala vitiligo. Amagwiritsa ntchito zonona zomwe zili ndi mankhwalawa pakhungu lomwe silinakhudzidwe kuti khungu likhale lofanana. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa anthu athanzi sikuloledwa. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti monophenone imatha kuyambitsa kuyabwa pakhungu komanso kusawona bwino kwamaso.
Zosakaniza zina zogwira ntchito
Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amathandiza makampani owunikira khungu. Komabe, kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti atsimikizire mphamvu ndi chitetezo cha mankhwala aliwonse. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi licorice, makamaka licorice.
Kafukufuku amati ndi othandiza pakuwunikira madera amdima, amtundu wa hyperpigmented ndi khungu loyera. Amachepetsa kupanga melanin. Vitamini E amathandizira pakuwunikira khungu pochepetsa kupanga melanin. Imawonjezera milingo ya glutathione m'thupi. Komabe, kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti afotokoze mphamvu ndi chitetezo cha mankhwalawa.
Pomaliza, sizinthu zonse zomwe zimagwira ntchito pazowunikira pakhungu zomwe zili zotetezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ogula ayenera kuwerenga zosakaniza asanagule chinthu chilichonse chowunikira khungu.