Kuyambira chilimwe chitayamba, kutentha m'madera osiyanasiyana kwakhala kukukwera mosalekeza. Tonse tikudziwa kuti zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimatha kuwonongeka kwambiri kutentha kukakwera. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zimakhala ndi michere yambiri komanso ma enzymes. Pamene kutentha kukukwera, kupuma kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumathamanga kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kwakukulu kudzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya ndi bowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipatso ziwonjezeke msanga. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungasungire zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m'chilimwe chakhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe aliyense amada nkhawa nazo.
Monga momwe zimadziwikira, pali mitundu yambiri ya zipatso za nyengo yachilimwe, zomwe zimasiyana ndi zipatso za autumn ndipo zimatha kupachikidwa pamitengo kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati zipatso zachilimwe sizikudulidwa munthawi yake zitakhwima, zimatha kuwola mosavuta kapena kudyedwa ndi mbalame. Chifukwa chake, izi zimafuna kuti alimi azitola ndi kusungitsa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba nthawi yomweyo akakhwima. Poyang'anizana ndi ntchito yayikulu yotereyi, kodi tingasunge bwanji zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwino m'chilimwe?
Pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, pamene nyengo yotentha ikutentha, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito firiji yathu kunyumba kuti tisunge zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano. Zachidziwikire, izi zidzachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe timagula. M'masitolo akuluakulu, malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira angagwiritsidwe ntchito posungira, zomwe zimawonjezeranso mtengo wosungira. Pokumana ndi vutoli, tapanga 1-mcp, yomwe ndi ukadaulo wosungira zinthu zosungira zinthu zopanda kuipitsa, zopanda poizoni, komanso zopanda zinyalala, womwe uli ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pakuwonjezera nthawi yosungira masamba, zipatso, ndi maluwa.
Kodi 1-MCP ndi chiyani?
1-MCPndi 1-Methylcyclopene, nambala ya cas.3100-04-71-MCP, monga mankhwala a cyclopropene, ndi yotetezeka komanso yopanda poizoni. Kwenikweni, ndi mankhwala othandiza a ethylene antagonist ndipo ali m'gulu la owongolera kukula kwa zomera. Monga chosungira chakudya, chagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamalonda. Ogulitsa ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 1-MCP kusungira pamalo olamulidwa m'malo osungira zipatso, omwe amatha kukhala kwa miyezi ingapo.1-Methylcyclopropen (1-MCP)Zimathetsa bwino vuto la kuvutika kusunga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano nthawi yachilimwe.
Mafotokozedwe a 1-MCP:
| Chinthu | Muyezo | Zotsatira |
| Maonekedwe | Pafupifupi ufa woyera | Woyenerera |
| Kuyesa (%) | ≥3.3 | 3.6 |
| Chiyero (%) | ≥98 | 99.9 |
| Zonyansa | Palibe zonyansa zazikulu | Palibe zonyansa zazikulu |
| Chinyezi (%) | ≤10.0 | 5.2 |
| Phulusa (%) | ≤2.0 | 0.2 |
| Madzi osungunuka | 1 g ya sampuli yasungunuka kwathunthu mu 100 g ya madzi. | Kusungunuka kwathunthu |
Kugwiritsa ntchito 1-MCP:
1-Methylcyclopropeneingagwiritsidwe ntchito poteteza zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa kuti zisawole ndi kufota. Mwachitsanzo, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosiyanasiyana monga maapulo, mapeyala, ma cherries, sipinachi, kabichi, udzu winawake, tsabola wobiriwira, kaloti, ndi zina zotero. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchepetsa kuuma kwa madzi, kuchedwetsa kucha kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndikusunga kuuma kwawo, kukoma, ndi kapangidwe ka zakudya; Ponena za maluwa, 1-Methylcyclopropene imatha kutsimikizira mtundu ndi fungo la maluwa, monga tulips, maluwa asanu ndi limodzi, ma carnations, ma orchid, ndi zina zotero. Kuphatikiza apo, 1-MCP imatha kupititsa patsogolo kukana matenda kwa zomera monga maluwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kwa1-MCPndi gawo latsopano pa kusunga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa.
1-Methylcyclopropene imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kufewa ndi kuwola kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yawo yosungira ndi kusunga. Chifukwa cha chitukuko chosakwanira cha zinthu zozizira zaulimi, pafupifupi 85% ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu wamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa 1-methylcyclopropene kumapereka malo ambiri pamsika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-18-2023