Chiyambireni kuchiyambi kwa chilimwe, kutentha m’madera osiyanasiyana kukuwonjezeka mosalekeza. Tonsefe tikudziwa kuti zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimakhala zosavuta kuwonongeka pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka. Izi zili choncho chifukwa masamba ndi zipatso zili ndi michere yambiri komanso michere yambiri. Pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka, kupuma kwa aerobic kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumakhala mofulumira. Komanso, kutentha kwakukulu kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya ndi bowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipatso ziwonongeke. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungasungire zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m'chilimwe chakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe aliyense akuda nkhawa nazo.
Monga momwe zimadziwika bwino, pali mitundu yambiri ya zipatso za nyengo m'chilimwe, zomwe zimakhala zosiyana ndi zipatso za autumn ndipo zimatha kupachikidwa pamitengo kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati zipatso m'chilimwe sizisankhidwe munthawi yake zitacha, zimatha kuvunda kapena kudyedwa ndi mbalame. Choncho, izi zimafuna kuti alimi azithyola ndi kuika mufiriji zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zikakhwima. Poyang’anizana ndi ntchito yaikulu yotero, kodi tingasungire bwanji bwino zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m’chilimwe?
M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, nyengo yotentha, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito firiji kunyumba kuti tisunge zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Zachidziwikire, izi zitha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe timagula. M'masitolo akuluakulu, malo ozizira amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posungira, zomwe zimawonjezeranso mtengo wosungirako. Poyang'anizana ndi vutoli, tapanga 1-mcp, yomwe ilibe ukadaulo wopanda zowononga, wopanda poizoni, komanso zotsalira zaulere zosungira, zomwe zili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pakukulitsa moyo wa alumali wamasamba, zipatso, ndi maluwa.
1-MCP ndi chiyani?
1-MCPndi 1-Methylcyclopene, cas No.3100-04-71-MCP, monga cyclopropene pawiri, ndi yotetezeka komanso yopanda poizoni. M'malo mwake, ndiwothandiza kwambiri wa ethylene antagonist ndipo ali m'gulu la zowongolera zopanga zomera. Monga chosungira chakudya, chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamalonda Ogawa ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 1-MCP kusunga m'malo osungiramo zipatso, omwe amatha miyezi ingapo.1-Methylcyclopropen (1-MCP)amathetsa bwino vuto la kuvutika kusunga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m'chilimwe.
1-MCP zofunika:
| Kanthu | Standard | Zotsatira |
| Maonekedwe | Pafupifupi White ufa | Woyenerera |
| Kuyesa (%) | ≥3.3 | 3.6 |
| Chiyero (%) | ≥98 | 99.9 |
| Zonyansa | Palibe zonyansa zazikulu | Palibe zonyansa zazikulu |
| Chinyezi (%) | ≤10.0 | 5.2 |
| Phulusa (%) | ≤2.0 | 0.2 |
| Madzi sungunuka | 1 g chitsanzo adasungunuka kwathunthu mu 100g madzi | Full kusungunuka |
Kugwiritsa ntchito 1-MCP:
1-Methylcyclopropeneangagwiritsidwe ntchito posunga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa kuti zisawole ndi kufota. Mwachitsanzo, angagwiritsidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba monga maapulo, mapeyala, yamatcheri, sipinachi, kabichi, udzu winawake, tsabola wobiriwira, kaloti, etc. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuchepetsa evaporation madzi, kuchedwa kucha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba; ndi kusunga kuuma kwawo, kukoma, ndi zakudya zikuchokera; Pankhani ya maluwa, 1-Methylcyclopropene imatha kutsimikizira mtundu ndi fungo la maluwa, monga tulips, maluwa asanu ndi limodzi, carnations, orchids, ndi zina zotero. Komanso, 1-MCP ikhoza kusintha kukana kwa matenda a zomera monga maluwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kofala kwa1-MCPilinso chochititsa chidwi chatsopano m’kusunga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa.
1-Methylcyclopropene imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kufewetsa ndi kuwola kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo wa alumali ndi nthawi yosungira. Chifukwa chakukula kopanda ungwiro kwa zinthu zaulimi, pafupifupi 85% ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu wamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito 1-methylcyclopropene kumapereka msika waukulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-18-2023