nkhani

Mwezi wa Julayi ndi nthawi yachilimwe, ndipo nthawi yachilimwe yotentha komanso yonyowa, chakudya chingakhale malo abwino oti mabakiteriya azitha kufalikira nthawi iliyonse. Makamaka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ngati zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zangogulidwa kumene sizisungidwa mufiriji, zimatha kusungidwa kwa tsiku limodzi lokha. Ndipo chilimwe chilichonse, pamakhala milandu yambiri ya kutsegula m'mimba komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha "kudya mosayenera", akuluakulu ndi ana, omwe nthawi zambiri amaganiziridwa kuti ndi "ozizira kwambiri". Ndipotu, chakudya kapena zakumwa zotentha kwambiri zimapangitsa kuti anzawo ena azikhala ndi vuto la matumbo mwachangu, koma nthawi zambiri sizimapangitsa anthu kuthamangira kuchimbudzi kangapo patsiku. Chifukwa chake pakadali pano, chinthu choyamba kuganizira ndi matenda am'mimba omwe amayamba chifukwa cha ukhondo wa chakudya. Kodi chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa chikuwola ndikuwonongeka? Ndiye tingadye bwanji zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano m'chilimwe chotentha?

Pakadali pano, chinthu choyamba chomwe timaganizira ndi kusunga firiji. Komabe, pali mitundu yambiri ya zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe zimasungidwa m'firiji, zomwe pakati pawo pali zakudya zambiri zomwe "zimalowetsa mabakiteriya" m'firiji, monga mazira omwe angatenge salmonella, ndi nyama yaiwisi, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zingatenge Escherichia coli yowopsa, Staphylococcus aureus yowopsa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndipo firiji ilinso ndi nthawi yosungiramo zinthu. Nthawi zambiri, chakudya chomwe chimatenga masiku 2-3 chiyenera kudyedwa, apo ayi chidzawola m'firiji pakapita nthawi. Nthawi yomweyo, firiji ilinso ndi malo ena osungira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba zokha. Ngati ndi sitolo yayikulu, kodi timasunga bwanji chakudyacho kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe timagula?

Ndi chitukuko cha zachuma padziko lonse lapansi, kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kunja kwakhala chizolowezi. Poyang'anizana ndi vutoli, tiyenera kuphunzira mtundu watsopano wa zosungira —zosungira zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba za 1-MCP. Pamene mankhwalawa adapangidwa, adalandira yankho lalikulu. Chifukwa ichi ndi chosungira chopanda poizoni, chotetezeka kwambiri, komanso chogwira ntchito kwambiri. Kenako, tiyeni tikambirane za zosakaniza za chosungira zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba cha 1-MCP.

Kodi 1-Methylcyclopropene ndi chiyani?

1-Methylcyclopropene, chidule chake ndi 1-MCP mu Chingerezi,CAS 3100-04-7Fomula ya mankhwala ndi C4H6. Pa kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwabwinobwino, mawonekedwe ake ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu, wopanda poizoni komanso wopanda kukoma, wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.838g/cm3. Ndi mankhwala a Cyclopropene omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri. 1-Methyl Cyclopropene imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chowongolera kukula kwa zomera ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yosunga zomera. Ili ndi ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, kusunga bwino komanso chitetezo chapamwamba.

Makhalidwe a 1-MCP

1-MCP ikhoza kuletsa kutulutsa kwa ethylene ndi zomera zokha, komanso kuletsa kumangirira kwa ethylene ku ma receptor okhudzana ndi maselo a zomera, motero kuletsa mphamvu ya ethylene yakucha. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito 1-Methylcyclopene kungathandize kukulitsa nthawi yokhwima ndi kukalamba kwa zomera, motero kukulitsa nthawi yawo yosungira, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka ndi zinyalala panthawi yonyamula ndi kusungira, ndikukulitsa nthawi yosungira katundu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito 1-MCP

1-MCPingagwiritsidwe ntchito poteteza zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa kuti zomera zisafote. Mwachitsanzo, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba monga maapulo, mapeyala, ma plums, kiwifruit, ndi tomato, imatha kuchedwetsa kucha kwawo, kuchepetsa madzi kutuluka, komanso kusunga kuuma kwawo, kukoma, ndi kapangidwe ka zakudya; Ponena za kusunga maluwa, imatha kusunga mtundu ndi fungo la maluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, 1-Methylcyclopene imathanso kuwonjezera kukana matenda a zomera.1-Methylcyclopenendi gawo latsopano pa kusunga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba pambuyo pa kusinthidwa kwa mlengalenga.

Pambuyo pa mliriwu, chuma chinayambiranso, ndipo chitukuko cha malonda apadziko lonse lapansi chinali kukula pang'onopang'ono. Chaka chilichonse, dziko lililonse linkapanga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri zakumaloko. Chifukwa cha chitukuko chosakwanira cha njira zoyendetsera ulimi, pafupifupi 85% ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zinkagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera zinthu wamba, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kuwonongeka kwakukulu kuwonongeke, zomwe zinaperekanso malo ambiri pamsika wolimbikitsira ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera ulimi.1-methyl CyclopropeneChifukwa chake, zikuwoneka kuti 1-MCP ili ndi mwayi waukulu wokukula, osati kokha pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosiyanasiyana zopuma, komanso imatha kukulitsa bwino kusungidwa ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali pambuyo pokolola, makamaka pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi ethylene, ndipo imatha kusunga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zabwino kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali.