nkhani

Mwezi wa July ndi pachimake m’chilimwe, ndipo m’nyengo yotentha ndi yachinyontho, chakudya chikhoza kukhala malo achonde kwa mabakiteriya nthawi iliyonse. Makamaka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ngati zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zangogulidwa kumene sizisungidwa mufiriji, zitha kusungidwa kwa tsiku limodzi lokha. Ndipo chilimwe chilichonse, pali zochitika zambiri za kutsekula m'mimba chifukwa cha "kudya bwino", akuluakulu ndi ana, nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa kudya "ozizira" kwambiri. M'malo mwake, zakudya kapena zakumwa zomwe sizimatentha kwambiri zimapangitsa kuti abwenzi ena azikhala ndi matumbo othamanga, koma nthawi zambiri sizimapangitsa anthu kuthamangira kuchimbudzi kangapo patsiku. Kotero panthawiyi, chinthu choyamba choyenera kuganizira ndi matenda a m'mimba chifukwa cha ukhondo wa chakudya. Kodi zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa zikuwola komanso kuwonongeka? Ndiye tingadye bwanji zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m’nyengo yotentha?

Panthawiyi, chinthu choyamba chomwe timaganizira ndikusungirako firiji. Komabe, pali mitundu yambiri ya zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe zimasungidwa m’firiji, ndipo pakati pawo pali zakudya zambiri “zobaya mabakiteriya” m’firiji, monga mazira amene anganyamule salmonella, ndi nyama yaiwisi, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimene zingatenge matenda a Escherichia coli, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Staphylococcus aureus. Ndipo firiji imakhalanso ndi nthawi yosungiramo alumali. Nthawi zambiri, chakudya chomwe chimatenga masiku 2-3 chiyenera kudyedwa, apo ayi chidzawola mufiriji pakapita nthawi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, firiji imakhalanso ndi malo osungirako zinthu, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba. Ngati ndi sitolo yaikulu, kodi timatani kuti chakudyacho chikhale chatsopano kuchokera kwa amalonda omwe timagula?

Ndi chitukuko cha kudalirana kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi, kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kwakhala chizolowezi. Poyang’anizana ndi mkhalidwe umenewu, tifunikira kuphunzira za mtundu watsopano wa zotetezera—1-MCP chotetezera zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Pamene mankhwalawo adapangidwa, adalandira kuyankha kwakukulu. Chifukwa ichi ndi chopanda poizoni, chotetezeka kwambiri, komanso choteteza kwambiri. Kenako, tiyeni tikambirane zosakaniza za 1-MCP zosungira zipatso ndi masamba.

1-Methylcyclopropene ndi chiyani?

1-Methylcyclopropene, chofupikitsidwa ngati 1-MCP mu Chingerezi,Chithunzi cha CAS 3100-04-7Chemical formula ndi C4H6. Pa kutentha kwabwino komanso kupanikizika, mawonekedwe ake ndi gasi wopanda mtundu, wopanda poizoni komanso wopanda kukoma, wokhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 0.838g/cm3. Ndiwogwira ntchito kwambiri Cyclopropene. 1-Methyl Cyclopropene imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chowongolera kukula kwa mbewu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poteteza mbewu. Lili ndi ubwino wa mowa wochepa, zotsatira zabwino zotetezera komanso chitetezo chachikulu.

Makhalidwe a 1-MCP

1-MCP imatha kuletsa kutulutsidwa kwa ethylene ndi zomera zokha, komanso kuletsa kumangirira kwa ethylene kuzinthu zolandilira m'maselo a mbewu, potero kuletsa kukhwima kwa ethylene. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito 1-Methylcyclopene kumatha kutalikitsa kukhwima ndi kukalamba kwa mbewu, potero kukulitsa moyo wawo wa alumali, kuchepetsa ziphuphu ndi zinyalala pamayendedwe ndi kusungirako, komanso kukulitsa moyo wa alumali wa katundu.

Mapulogalamu a 1-MCP

1-MCPangagwiritsidwe ntchito kuteteza zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa kuti zomera zisamafote. Mwachitsanzo, akagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba monga maapulo, mapeyala, plums, kiwifruit, ndi tomato, akhoza kuchedwetsa kucha, kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi, ndi kusunga kuuma kwake, kukoma kwake, ndi kamangidwe kake kamene kali ndi thanzi; Pankhani ya kusunga maluwa, imatha kusunga mtundu ndi fungo la maluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, 1-Methylcyclopene imathanso kukulitsa kukana matenda a mbewu.1-Methylcyclopenendi njira yatsopano yosungira zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba pambuyo pokonzanso mlengalenga.

Mliriwu utatha, chuma chinayamba kuyenda bwino, ndipo kutukuka kwa malonda padziko lonse kunakula pang’onopang’ono. Chaka chilichonse, dziko lililonse linkatulutsa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri. Chifukwa chakukula kopanda ungwiro kwazinthu zozizira zaulimi, pafupifupi 85% ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zidagwiritsa ntchito zinthu wamba, zomwe zidapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu, zomwe zidaperekanso malo amsika amsika kuti akwezedwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito.1-methyl Cyclopropene. Choncho, tingaone kuti 1-MCP ali ndi chiyembekezo yotakata chitukuko, osati zosiyanasiyana kupuma climacteric zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, komanso akhoza mogwira kutalikitsa pambuyo kukolola yosungirako ndi alumali moyo, makamaka ethylene tcheru zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndipo akhoza kukhalabe choyambirira. khalidwe la zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kwa nthawi yaitali.