nkhani

Nyengo ikutentha kwambiri, ndipo panthaŵiyi, udzudzu ukuwonjezekanso. Monga momwe zimadziwikiratu, chirimwe ndi nyengo yotentha komanso nyengo yachimake pakuswana udzudzu. M’nyengo yotentha mosalekeza, anthu ambiri amasankha kuyatsa makina oziziritsira mpweya kunyumba kuti apewe, koma amalephera kukhala nawo tsiku lonse, makamaka ana amene sangathe kukhala kunyumba. Panthawi imeneyi, anthu ambiri adzasankha kutenga ana awo kunkhalango madzulo, kumene kuli misewu yamithunzi ndi mitsinje ing’onoing’ono kuti azisewera ndi kuziziritsa. Chomwe chikuvuta n’chakuti nthawi imeneyi ndi imenenso yandandalikidwa udzudzu ndi tizilombo. Ndiye tingapewe bwanji ndi kuletsa udzudzu m’chilimwe? Nawa maupangiri othamangitsira udzudzu.

Choyamba, tiyenera kumvetsetsa malo oswana a udzudzu Kumbukirani kuti madzi osasunthika amatulutsa udzudzu, ndipo kukula kwawo kumadalira madzi. Udzudzu ukhoza kuikira mazira ndikukula m'madzi osasunthika, choncho tiyenera kupewa kupsinjika ndi madzi osasunthika kunja; Palinso zitsime zamadzi amvula, zitsime zachimbudzi, mauthenga a telefoni, gasi, ndi mapaipi ena a tauni m'misewu ya ngalande za ngalande pansi pa nyumba yogonamo, komanso zitsime zosungira madzi pansi pa nthaka; Ndi madera monga denga awnings.

Chachiwiri, tizithamangitsa bwanji udzudzu?

Tikazizira panja madzulo, tiyenera kuvala zovala zowala. Udzudzu umakonda zovala zakuda, makamaka zakuda, choncho yesetsani kuvala zovala zowala m'chilimwe; Udzudzu sumakonda fungo loipa, ndipo kuyanika peel ya lalanje ndi peel ya msondodzi pa matupi awo kumakhalanso ndi zotsatira zothamangitsa udzudzu; Yesani kuvala mathalauza ndi zipewa kunja kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa khungu. Komabe, ngati muvala zambiri, kumakhala kotentha kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale kutentha kwa thupi kumatha kuchitika. Choncho njira ina ndikupopera mankhwala othamangitsa udzudzu, phala la udzudzu, madzi othamangitsa udzudzu, ndi zina zambiri musanatuluke. Izi sizimangokulolani kuvala zovala zomwe mumakonda, komanso zimakulepheretsani kulumidwa ndi udzudzu.

Komabe, chimene anthu ambiri amadabwa nacho ndi mmene tingasankhire mankhwala othamangitsira udzudzu, ndi zinthu ziti zimene zilibe vuto lililonse m’thupi la munthu, ndi zimene angagwiritse ntchito ana? Pakali pano, zosakaniza zovomerezeka mwasayansi zothamangitsa udzudzu zikuphatikiza DEET ndi ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (Mtengo wa IR3535).

Kuyambira m'ma 1940,DEETyakhala ikuonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala othandiza kwambiri othamangitsira udzudzu, koma mfundo yake yakhala yosadziŵika bwino. Mpaka kafukufuku adapeza chinsinsi pakati pa DEET ndi udzudzu. DEET imatha kuletsa udzudzu kuluma anthu. DEET sizosangalatsa kwenikweni kununkhiza, koma ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu, udzudzu sungathe kupirira fungo ndikuwuluka. Panthawiyi, aliyense adzadabwa ngati mankhwala oletsa udzudzu amavulaza thupi la munthu?

N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamideali ndi kawopsedwe pang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka koyenera kwa zosakaniza sikungavulaze. Zili ndi zotsatira zochepa kwa akuluakulu. Kwa ana, ndi bwino kuti asagwiritse ntchito ana osapitirira miyezi 6, osapitirira kamodzi patsiku kwa osakwana zaka ziwiri, komanso osapitirira katatu patsiku kwa azaka zapakati pa 2 ndi 12. Kuchuluka kwa DEET kwa ana osakwana zaka 12 ndi 10%. Ana osakwana zaka 12 sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito DEET mosalekeza kwa mwezi wopitilira umodzi. Choncho kwa makanda, zosakaniza zothamangitsira udzudzu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatha kusinthidwa ndi ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate.Panthawiyi, mphamvu ya N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide ya amine yothamangitsa udzudzu ndi yabwino kuposa ya ester yothamangitsa udzudzu.

Ethyl butylacetylaminoproponatendi chigawo chachikulu cha mankhwala othamangitsa udzudzu makamaka anaikira ana. Poyerekeza ndi DEET, Ethyl butylacetylaminoproponate mosakayikira ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri, otetezeka, komanso othamangitsa tizilombo. Ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku Florida Water ndi zinthu zina. Ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate si yoyenera kwa akuluakulu okha, komanso makanda. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti posankha mankhwala oletsa udzudzu kwa ana, ndi bwino kusankha zosakaniza zomwe zili ndi ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate.

Aliyense amene walumidwa ndi udzudzu ayenera kuti adakumanapo nazo kale, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuyang'anizana ndi matumba ofiira ndi otupa, makamaka kum'mwera. Nthawi yotentha ikafika, chigawo chakum’mwera chimakhudzidwa ndi nyengo, ndipo mvula imagwa mosalekeza komanso m’ngalande kumene udzudzu umaswana. Chifukwa chake, abwenzi akuchigawo chakumwera amafunikira mankhwala oletsa udzudzu kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudzaethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, chonde muzimasuka kulankhula nafe ndipo tidzakhala okondwa kukutumikirani!